to take a short run

to take a short run

tomar pequeno impulso (para saltar).

1) ((of a person or animal) to move quickly, faster than walking: He ran down the road.) correr

2) (to move smoothly: Trains run on rails.) andar

3) ((of water etc) to flow: Rivers run to the sea; The tap is running.) correr

4) ((of a machine etc) to work or operate: The engine is running; He ran the motor to see if it was working.) trabalhar

5) (to organize or manage: He runs the business very efficiently.) gerir

6) (to race: Is your horse running this afternoon?) correr

7) ((of buses, trains etc) to travel regularly: The buses run every half hour; The train is running late.) circular

8) (to last or continue; to go on: The play ran for six weeks.) durar

9) (to own and use, especially of cars: He runs a Rolls Royce.) conduzir

10) ((of colour) to spread: When I washed my new dress the colour ran.) espalhar-se

11) (to drive (someone); to give (someone) a lift: He ran me to the station.) levar

12) (to move (something): She ran her fingers through his hair; He ran his eyes over the letter.) passar

13) ((in certain phrases) to be or become: The river ran dry; My blood ran cold (= I was afraid).) ficar

1) (the act of running: He went for a run before breakfast.) corrida

2) (a trip or drive: We went for a run in the country.) passeio

3) (a length of time (for which something continues): He's had a run of bad luck.) período

4) (a ladder (in a stocking etc): I've got a run in my tights.) malha caída

5) (the free use (of a place): He gave me the run of his house.) uso

6) (in cricket, a batsman's act of running from one end of the wicket to the other, representing a single score: He scored/made 50 runs for his team.) ponto

7) (an enclosure or pen: a chicken-run.) cercado

•

- runner

- runny

* * *

[r∧n] n 1 corrida, carreira. 2 tempo ou porção determinada de trabalho, movimento, operação, série. 3 tempo ou quantidade de líquido escorrido, escoamento, fluxo, descarga. 4 passeio, viagem curta, giro, jornada, viagem, volta. 5 ponto no beisebol ou no críquete. 6 período, temporada, continuação, duração. 7 sucessão de exibições teatrais ou cinematográficas, série de representações. 8 correr (dos dias), marcha, curso (dos acontecimentos). 9 Com grande procura, corrida aos bancos. 10 Mus rápida sucessão de notas, escala. 11 liberdade de percorrer ou fazer uso de. 12 porção, cardume (de peixes), bando. 13 viveiro, lugar reservado para animais, pasto. 14 desfiadura ou desfiado, especialmente de meia. 15 corrente d’água, córrego. 16 tipo, classe. 17 passagem ou migração periódica. 18 curso, caminho ou passagem regular de animais, batida de caça. 19 Min direção, inclinação. 20 fio (de discurso). 21 percurso, trajeto. 22 pista inclinada (de esqui, etc.). 23 sucessão, série, seqüência. the run at the hills is to the west / as montanhas se estendem para o oeste. 24 tendência, orientação, direção geral. 25 Typogr tiragem. • vt+vi (ps ran, pp run) 1 correr. 2 apressar. 3 fugir, escapar. they ran for their lives / fugiram, deram aos calcanhares, deram às de vila-diogo, correram a mais não poder. 4 fazer correr, mover ou andar. 5 seguir, ir. let things run their course / deixe as coisas tomarem seu rumo. his talents do not run that way / os talentos dele não vão por esse lado. 6 fazer percurso ou trajeto. 7 perseguir, dar caça a. 8 passar ou fazer passar (o tempo). 9 pesquisar, procurar a fonte de. 10 estender-se, prolongar-se (ruas, estradas). our garden runs east / nosso jardim estende-se para o leste. 11 enfiar, espetar, penetrar, atravessar. 12 desbotar, misturar-se confusamente (tintas). 13 ter duração de, durar, continuar. school runs from eight to twelve / as aulas duram das oito às doze horas. 14 ter força legal, vigorar, ser válido. 15 conduzir, guiar, transportar. 16 ter forma, qualidade ou caráter específico. 17 participar de uma corrida, disputar, competir. 18 Amer ser candidato à eleição. 19 expor-se a, incorrer em, sofrer. 20 funcionar, operar, trabalhar. 21 fazer operar ou funcionar (uma máquina), estar em ação ou operação. 22 estar em cartaz, continuar sendo exibido ou apresentado (filme, peça teatral, etc.). 23 conduzir, dirigir (negócios). 24 seguir em cardumes (de peixes), principalmente para desova. 25 coser (em direção contínua). 26 romper, passar (bloqueio). 27 contrabandear. 28 publicar (periodicamente). 29 liquidificar, derreter. 30 moldar derretendo. 31 andar a passo rápido, galopar (cavalo). 32 fazer, executar. 33 mover-se sobre ou como sobre rodas, revolver, girar, virar. 34 fluir, escorrer, vazar, gotejar, supurar. 35 espalhar rapidamente, circular, correr. 36 ter origem em, remontar. 37 prosseguir, continuar. 38 tender, inclinar-se (to, towards para). 39 ser corrente, estar em voga. 40 desfiar, correr o fio. 41 Comp rodar, executar. 42 deixar acumular (dívida, conta). 43 custar. 44 levar, deixar, ficar. 45 ocorrer com freqüência. a day’s run Naut singradura. a heavy sea was running o mar estava agitado. a run for one’s money competição, concorrência dura. a run of bad fortune série de infortúnios, corrente de azar. a run of bad luck um período de infelicidade, uma maré de azar. a run of two months Theat exibição de dois meses. at a run correndo. by the run Naut por viagem. don’t run away with the idea that não pense que. feelings run high os ânimos estão exaltados. he ran himself out / ele esgotou-se (correndo). he ran his pen through the line / ele cancelou a linha. he ran with rain ele estava encharcado. his words ran in my head suas palavras não me saíram da cabeça. how your tongue runs! coll como você fala! que tagarela! I am run down estou esgotado. in the long run no final das contas, com o correr do tempo, a longo prazo. in the short run a curto prazo. it has a great run Com tem boa saída. on the run a) na correria, correndo, sempre em atividade. b) coll fugindo. run of office gestão. she ran with tears ela desfez-se em lágrimas. the common run, the ordinary run a maioria, o tipo comum. the general run of girls as moças de um modo geral. the general run of things a tendência geral. the runs diarréia. the ship ran upon a rock / o navio chocou-se contra um rochedo. this year the apples ran big este ano as maçãs ficaram grandes. thus runs the order a ordem é essa. to be run out of town ser expulso da cidade. to enjoy a long run ter longa exibição. to go for a run dar um passeio. to have a run for one’s money tirar bom proveito de seu dinheiro. to have the run of the garden ter livre acesso ao jardim. to have the run of the place ser o senhor na casa. to run about a) andar de um lado para outro. b) correr para cá e para lá. to run across a) encontrar por acaso. b) atravessar correndo. to run after perseguir, procurar obter ou alcançar, correr atrás. to run against a) chocar, abalroar, colidir. b) precipitar-se, opor-se a, ser contrário a, ser rival de. c) Sport competir com. to run ahead a) levar vantagem. b) adiantar-se, correr na frente. to run along a) seguir margeando ou ao longo de. b) ir-se. to run a match participar de um jogo. to run amuck, amok sair do controle, ter acesso de fúria. to run a race disputar uma corrida. to run a risk correr um risco. to run ashore encalhar, parar. to run at atacar, atirar-se sobre. to run a temperature ficar com febre. to run away fugir, esquivar-se ( from de). to run away with a) fazer perder o controle. b) roubar. c) fugir com. d) ganhar, vencer com facilidade. e) absorver, consumir. to run back voltar, retroceder. to run before the sea Naut correr com o mar. to run before the wind Naut correr com o vento. to run by correr, passar por. to run cold gelar. my blood ran cold / meu sangue gelou. to run counter to ser oposto a, correr em sentido oposto a. to run deep ser fundo. to run down a) parar por falta de corda (relógio). b) enfraquecer, cansar. c) perseguir até pegar, alcançar. d) criticar, ofender com palavras, menosprezar, depreciar. e) Naut chocar-se e derrubar ou afundar. f) abalroar, atropelar. g) derrubar. h) decair, deteriorar. i) escorrer, refluir. to run down the coast navegar ao longo da costa. to run dry a) secar. b) esgotar-se. to run for a) esforçar-se por. b) correr. c) candidatar-se a. to run for it fugir, pôr-se a salvo. to run for one’s life correr para salvar a vida. to run foul/ afoul of a) chocar. b) entrar em conflito com. c) misturar-se desordenadamente. to run from fugir de, escapar de. to run hard close seguir de perto (numa competição). to run high enfurecer-se, esbravejar, irar-se. to run in a) correr para dentro. b) fazer uma breve visita a. c) coll prender, pôr no xadrez. d) enfiar, fazer passar. e) inserir, acrescentar (palavras). f) amaciar (motor). to run in the blood estar no sangue. to run into a) entrar correndo, afluir. b) colidir, chocar-se com. c) encontrar por acaso. d) atingir, alcançar (uma determinada quantia, quantidade, etc.). to run into debt endividar-se. to run in with fig estar de acordo com. to run low escassear. to run mad a) enlouquecer. b) fig ficar furioso. to run off a) fugir, escapar. b) escoar, vazar. c) imprimir (cópias). d) escrever às pressas. to run off at the mouth falar demais. to run off one’s feet não dar descanso, não dar sossego. to run off the rails a) descarrilhar (trem). b) fig sair dos trilhos, sair da linha, comportar-se mal. to run off with coll tomar, roubar, escapar com. to run on a) continuar, prosseguir. b) falar muito. c) voltar-se para, relacionar-se. d) Typogr prosseguir sem interrupção. to run one’s head against a brick wall tentar o impossível. to run out a) sair (correndo). b) jorrar, escorrer, transbordar. c) esgotar, acabar. d) terminar. to run out of usar até o fim, não ter mais. to run out on abandonar. to run over a) examinar brevemente. b) recapitular. c) transbordar. d) passar por cima. e) passar correndo. f) passar para o outro lado (desertar). g) atropelar. he was run over by the train / ele foi apanhado pelo trem. to run ragged deixar exausto. to run rings around someone fazer de alguém o que se quer. to run riot a) agir sem controle, pintar o sete. b) crescer demais (planta). to run short estar no fim. to run the show a) sl conduzir ou manejar as coisas. b) ter controle ou poder. to run through a) passar por ou examinar rapidamente. b) tirar, gastar, acabar com, esbanjar. c) penetrar, espalhar, encher. d) transfixar, transpassar. e) passar por. f) cancelar. to run to a) estender-se até. b) correr até. c) tender, inclinar-se para. d) atingir, montar (falando de dinheiro). e) ter dinheiro suficiente para. to run to seed fig perder a força ou o vigor. to run toward, towards inclinar-se para ser favorável a. to run to waste dissipar, estragar. to run up a) correr para cima. b) hastear (bandeira). c) fazer subir (preços). d) acumular dívidas. e) montar ou edificar apressadamente. f) coll fazer depressa (costura). to run up and down correr de cá para lá, de cima para baixo. to run upon a) estar absorto em. b) encontrar inesperada e acidentalmente. c) referir-se a, versar sobre. d) correr sobre, em cima de. e) dedicar-se a, ocupar-se com. f) precipitar-se sobre. to run wild a) enfurecer, ficar fora de si. b) espantar, ficar espantado (cavalo). c) comportar-se mal, agir sem controle. d) crescer como mato (plantas). to run with a) estar de acordo com. b) assumir a responsabilidade. to take a short run tomar pequeno impulso (para saltar).

1 corto; breve; conciso; di breve durata: He has short legs, ha le gambe corte; This jacket is short on you, questa giacca ti è corta; a short journey, un viaggio breve; a short answer, una risposta breve; short hair, capelli corti; short wind, fiato corto; (aeron.) short landing, atterraggio corto; short dash, breve scatto; volata; a short way off, a breve distanza; (elettr.) a short circuit, un corto circuito; un cortocircuito; ( radio) short waves, onde corte; a short speech [style], un discorso [uno stile] conciso; Short, weak governments, governi deboli, di breve durata

2 basso; piccolo ( di statura): He's too short to play volleyball, è troppo basso per giocare a pallavolo

3 scarso; insufficiente: short weight, peso scarso; short measure, misura insufficiente; a short ten miles, dieci miglia scarse; meno di dieci miglia

4 brusco; rude; secco; sgarbato: a short reply, una brusca risposta; Don't be short with me!, non essere sgarbato con me!

5 friabile; frollo: short coal, carbone friabile; short pastry, pasta frolla

6 (metall.) fragile: short iron, ferro fragile

7 (comm.) a breve scadenza: a short bill, una cambiale a breve scadenza

8 (rag.: di somma, ecc.) parziale

9 ( Borsa) corto; allo scoperto: short position, posizione corta; short sale [seller], vendita [venditore] allo scoperto; short selling, il vendere (o vendite) allo scoperto

10 (market.: di un prodotto, una derrata, ecc.) che scarseggia; non disponibile

11 (trasp.) incompleto; in meno ( di quanto pattuito): short delivery, consegna in meno; short shipment, spedizione incompleta

12 (fon.: di vocale) breve

13 (pred.) mancante, privo; che si trova qc. in meno; a corto di: to run short, finire, venire a mancare; We are two cases [200 dollars] short, (ci) mancano due casse [200 dollari]; He's short on brains, è corto di cervello; I was short of breath, ero senza fiato; I'm short of money, sono a corto di quattrini; They are a mile short of their goal, manca loro un miglio alla meta

14 (fam.) a corto di soldi: DIALOGO → - Local shop 1- I'm a bit short, sono un po' a corto di soldi

15 (fam.: di liquore) liscio

● (med.) short-acting, ad azione breve □ ( d'oratore, di un discorso) to be short and to the point, essere conciso e pertinente □ (fam.: di un discorso) short and sweet, (piacevolmente) conciso; essenziale, stringato □ ( tennis) a short-angled volley, una volée molto angolata □ short-armed, dalle braccia corte □ (giorn.) short article, trafiletto □ (fin.) short bond, titolo di stato a breve (termine) □ (elettr.) short-contact switch, interruttore cortocircuitante □ ( Borsa) short covering, copertura di una posizione corta; il coprirsi da una vendita allo scoperto □ (comm.: di cambiale, ecc.) short-dated, a breve scadenza □ a short drink, una bevanda (o una bibita) servita in un bicchiere piccolo; un bicchierino ( di liquore); (spec.) un aperitivo □ (cinem.) a short film, un cortometraggio □ short for, abbreviazione di; diminutivo di: Sam, short for Samuel, Sam, diminutivo di Samuele □ short fuse, miccia corta; (fig. fam.) irascibilità, eccitabilità □ short-haired, dai capelli corti; ( d'animale) dal pelo corto □ to be short-handed, essere a corto di manodopera, essere sotto organico; (naut.: di nave) avere l'equipaggio incompleto □ (trasp.) short-haul, a breve distanza; a breve raggio: a short-haul run, un viaggio a breve distanza; a short-haul plane, un aereo a breve raggio □ (ipp.) a short head, mezza testa, meno d'una incollatura: to win by a short head, ( di cavallo) vincere per una mezza testa; (fig.) vincere per un pelo □ (comm.) to be short in one's payments, essere in arretrato coi pagamenti; essere moroso □ short-legged, dalle gambe corte □ short list, lista ristretta (o dei favoriti); rosa dei candidati □ short-lived, che ha breve vita; (biol.) che ha la vita corta; (fig.) di breve durata, passeggero: short-lived enthusiasm, entusiasmo passeggero □ short loan, mutuo a breve termine; prestito a breve scadenza □ (fam.) a short one, un bicchierino di liquore; un cicchetto □ (econ.) short period (o short range), breve periodo; breve termine: in the short period, nel breve periodo □ short-range, (econ., meteor.) a breve (termine); (tecn.) a corto raggio, a corta gittata (o portata): short-range forecast, previsione a breve termine; a short-range missile, un missile a corto raggio; short-range plans, progetti a breve termine; a short-range rifle, un fucile a corta gittata (o portata) □ (anat.) short ribs, costole mobili □ short run, (econ.) breve periodo, breve termine; (giorn.) piccola tiratura □ short-run (agg.), (econ.) a breve termine, nel breve periodo; ( editoria: di un libro, ecc.) stampato in un numero limitato di copie: (econ.) short-run planning, programmazione a breve termine □ (naut.) a short sea, mare corto; maretta □ ( tennis) short serve (o short service), servizio corto; battuta corta □ ( sport) short shot, tiro corto; palla corta; ( anche) tiro da vicino □ short sight, vista corta, miopia; (fig.) imprevidenza, miopia □ short-sighted, corto di vista, miope; (fig.) miope, imprevidente □ short-sightedness, vista corta, miopia; (fig.) imprevidenza, miopia □ short sharp shock, incarcerazione dei delinquenti minorili a scopo di dissuasione; punizione severa e senza preavviso; maniere forti □ short-spoken, di poche parole; laconico □ short-staffed, a corto di personale; sotto organico □ a short story, un racconto; una novella: a short short story, un racconto cortissimo □ ( a carte) short suit, sequela corta; meno di quattro carte dello stesso seme □ short supply, scarsità ( di merce e fig.): Good teachers are in short supply, c'è scarsità di bravi insegnanti □ (aeron.) short take-off and landing (abbr. STOL), decollo e atterraggio corto □ short temper, irascibilità: He has a short temper, è irascibile □ short-tempered, collerico; irascibile; stizzoso □ short-term, (econ., fin.) a breve scadenza, a breve (termine); (econ.) congiunturale: short-term action, interventi a breve ( sull'economia); short-term bank debt, indebitamento a breve verso le banche; short-term borrowing, indebitamento a breve; short-term economic policy, politica congiunturale; short-term financing, finanziamento a breve; short-term fluctuations of demand, fluttuazioni congiunturali della domanda; short-term paper, titolo di credito a breve termine □ short-term saving, risparmio a breve termine □ (fig.) short-termism, il progettare a breve, in vista di un vantaggio immediato; miopia (spec. in politica, economia e finanza) □ ( sport) a short throw, un lancio corto □ (ind.) short time, orario ridotto: to be on short time (o to work short time) lavorare a orario ridotto; The workers were put on short time, gli operai hanno avuto una riduzione di orario □ (ind.) short-time working, lavoro a orario ridotto □ a short time ago, poco tempo fa □ (spec. USA) short ton, tonnellata americana ( pari a 2000 libbre, cioè a 907 kg circa) □ short waist, vita (troppo) alta ( in un vestito) □ short-waisted, che ha la vita (troppo) alta □ short walk, passeggiata breve; (equit.) passo corto ( del cavallo) □ ( radio) a short-wave broadcast, una trasmissione sulle onde corte □ a short-wave radioset, un apparecchio radio a onde corte □ short-winded, dal fiato corto, bolso, sfiatato; (fig.) conciso, stringato □ short-windedness, fiato corto; bolsaggine; (fig.) concisione, stringatezza □ short-witted, di poco cervello; stupido; tonto □ at short notice, con breve preavviso; entro breve termine □ at short range, a breve distanza; a corto raggio □ to cut a long story short, per farla corta (o breve) □ to get short, abbreviarsi, accorciarsi: The days are getting shorter and shorter, le giornate si accorciano sempre più □ to give short weight, dare il peso scarso; rubare sul peso □ to make short work of st., consumare (o finire, distruggere) qc. rapidamente; liquidare (o sbrigare, divorare, fare fuori) qc. in quattro e quattr'otto; ( sport) liquidare, sbarazzarsi facilmente di ( un avversario) □ to make a long story short, per farla breve; per tagliar corto; volendo essere conciso □ to take short views, guardare solo al presente; non pensare al futuro; vivere alla giornata.

1 (fon.) vocale (o sillaba) breve; (una) breve

2 ( prosodia) segno di breve

3 (cinem., TV) short; cortometraggio; corto

4 (pubbl., TV) short pubblicitario; spot

5 (giorn.) trafiletto

6 (rag.) somma parziale

7 (pl.) (ind.) sfridi; ritagli

8 (pl.) (ind.) cruschello

9 (pl.) (tecn.) sopravaglio

10 (pl.) ( Borsa) titoli di stato a breve termine

11 ammanco ( di denaro)

12 ( Borsa) = short sale [seller] ► short (1), def. 9

13 (fam.) cortocircuito; corto (fam.)

14 (fam.) bicchierino di liquore

15 (pl., slang USA) – the shorts, l'essere a corto di soldi: Mine is a case of the shorts, sono proprio in bolletta

● for short, per brevità: They call him Sam for short, per brevità, lo chiamano Sam (abbr. di Samuel); il suo diminutivo è Sam □ in short, in breve; in poche parole □ the long and the short of it, tutto quel che c'è da dire.

1 bruscamente; di botto; di colpo; improvvisamente; tutt'a un tratto: The car stopped short, l'automobile si è arrestata bruscamente; to stop st. short, fermare bruscamente qc.; to stop sb. short, interrompere q. ( che parla)

2 bruscamente; rudemente; in modo sgarbato: He talks short with everybody, parla in modo brusco con tutti

3 ( Borsa) allo scoperto: to sell short, vendere ( titoli, ecc.) allo scoperto

4 ( sport, ecc.) corto: to play short, giocare corto

● short of, all'infuori di; tranne; ad esclusione di; eccetto: Short of going on strike, I don't see how we can get a pay rise, all'infuori di uno sciopero, non vedo come si possa ottenere un aumento salariale □ short of actually stealing, pur senz'arrivare al furto vero e proprio □ (fam.) to be caught short = to be taken short ► sotto □ to cut short, farla corta, tagliar corto; abbreviare ( la procedura, ecc.); interrompere ( uno che parla) □ to cut the matter (o it) short, (per) farla corta; (per) tagliar corto; alle corte □ to fall (o to come) short of, non raggiungere, restare indietro a; rimanere al di sotto di, essere inadeguato (o insufficiente); venir meno a, deludere: This poem falls short of perfection, questa poesia non raggiunge la perfezione; His action fell short of the occasion, la sua azione fu inadeguata al caso; The result has come short of our expectations, il risultato ha deluso le nostre speranze □ (fam.) to go short of st., restare a corto di qc. □ to let sb. go short, lasciare q. senza (qc.); far mancare (qc.) a q. □ nothing short of, a dir poco; addirittura; senz'altro: a victory nothing short of miraculous, una vittoria a dir poco miracolosa □ ( di un veicolo) to pull up short, fermarsi di botto; arrestarsi bruscamente □ to run short, venir meno; scarseggiare; esaurirsi: Our supplies ran short, le nostre provviste erano finite □ to run short of st., restare a corto di qc., rimanere senza qc.: We've run short of bread, siamo rimasti senza pane □ to sell a crop short, vendere un raccolto anzitempo; vendere il grano in erba □ a shot that falls short, un tiro corto ( di fucile, ecc.) □ to stop short of doing st., fermarsi prima di fare qc. □ to take sb. up short, interrompere bruscamente q. □ (fam.) to be taken (o caught) short, essere messo in difficoltà; sentire un improvviso bisogno corporale; dover scappare in bagno (fam.).

A v. t.

1 causare un cortocircuito in ( un impianto); mettere in cortocircuito; cortocircuitare

2 ( USA, = to shortchange) dare il resto sbagliato a (q.)

3 ( USA) far mancare qc. a (q.); lesinare a (q.): I shorted him on beer, his favorite drink, gli lesinai la birra, la sua bevanda preferita

B v. i.

(elettr.) andare in corto (circuito): Mind that the battery connections don't short, bada che i collegamenti della batteria non vadano in corto!

● ( USA) to short sb. at the scales, rubare a q. sul peso □ to short out, (elettr.) andare in corto; (fig. USA) andare su tutte le furie; esplodere (fig.); infuriarsi.

1 corsa: She had a shower after her run, ha fatto una doccia dopo la corsa; to go for a run, andare a correre; I try to go for a run three times a week, cerco di andare a correre tre volte la settimana; at a run, di corsa; to break into a run, mettersi a correre; The soldiers went past at a run, i soldati sono passati di corsa; to take the dog for a run, portare il cane a correre; far fare una corsa al cane

2 ( sport: atletica) corsa; corsa a piedi: a five kilometre run, una corsa di cinque kilometri; a cross-country run, una corsa campestre; the mile run, la corsa del miglio

3 ( di mezzo di trasporto) linea ( di servizio); viaggio; rotta: The ferry was on the Calais-Dover run, il traghetto faceva servizio tra Calais e Dover; There will be more planes on the Milan-London run, ci saranno più aerei sulla rotta Milano-Londra

4 viaggio, giro (in macchina): Let's go for a run in the car, andiamo a fare un giro in macchina; Who's doing the school run tomorrow?, chi porta i bambini a scuola domani?

5 periodo; serie; ( poesia) ritmo: a run of good luck, un periodo di fortuna; una serie fortunata; unbeaten run, serie utile ( senza avere subito sconfitte); Chelsea's successful run ended on Saturday with a defeat at home, la serie ininterrotta di vittorie del Chelsea si è conclusa sabato con una sconfitta in casa; the run of the metre, il ritmo del verso

6 (teatr., cinem.) tenitura; periodo di programmazione; permanenza in cartellone: The play had a long run in the West End, la commedia è rimasta a lungo in cartellone nella West End (a Londra); The show's run has been extended by three months, la programmazione dello spettacolo è stata prolungata di tre mesi

7 (ind.) produzione; quantità prodotta

8 (polit., ecc.) corsa (fig.); tentativo di ottenere (qc.): to make a run for the Presidency, essere in corsa per la presidenza; Her withdrawal has given her opponent a clear run, il suo ritiro ha lasciato campo libero al suo avversario; to have a practice run, fare una serie di prove

9 (fin.) corsa (fig.); assalto (fig.): a run on the dollar, una corsa all'acquisto di dollari; un assalto al dollaro; a run on the bank, una corsa agli sportelli; un assalto alla banca ( da parte dei clienti)

10 ( sci) pista; ( anche) discesa, manche: first run, prima manche; DIALOGO → - Skiiing- The lower runs were a bit slushy, la neve sulle piste più basse era sciolta; ski run, pista di sci

11 ( baseball) «run» (punto ottenuto raggiungendo la «casa base») ( cricket) «run» ( punto ottenuto correndo tra due basi): ( baseball) to make a home run, fare un fuoricampo ( punto ottenuto quando il battitore manda la palla fuori dalla recinzione); ( cricket) to score a «run», mettere a segno un «run»

12 zona recintata; recinto: cattle run, zona recintata per il bestiame; chicken run, recinto per polli; sheep run, recinto per le pecore

13 lunghezza; tratto: a five-hundred-foot run of pipe, un tratto di tubatura di cinquecento piedi ( circa 150 metri); cinquecento piedi di tubatura

14 – the run, la media: He is different from the ordinary run of mankind, è un uomo che si distingue dalla media della gente

15 [u] libero accesso (o uso): The dogs have the run of the house, i cani hanno libero accesso alla casa; to give sb. the run of one's house, mettere la propria casa a disposizione di q.; The tenants have the run of the estate, gli inquilini hanno libero uso della proprietà

16 ( di una calza: spec. USA) smagliatura

17 ( di vernice) goccia (colata): Remove any runs before the paint dries, rimuovere le gocce (colate) prima che la vernice sia asciutta

18 ( a carte) sequenza di carte dello stesso seme ( di solito, più di cinque; cfr. straight, B, def. 4)

19 (comput.) elaborazione; esecuzione; ( anche) ciclo di operazioni

20 (zool.) branco ( di pesci che risalgono un fiume); risalita ( dei pesci): a run of salmon, un branco di salmoni

21 canaletto in cui scorre l'acqua; ruscelletto; abbeveratoio; vasca

22 (mus.) volata

23 (aeron.) corsa a terra; rullaggio

24 (mecc.) corsa: (autom.) the run of a piston, la corsa di un pistone

25 (aeron. mil.) missione; passaggio ( sull'obiettivo); ( anche) (= run-in, run-up) rotta d'approccio, volo d'avvicinamento al bersaglio ( di bombardiere)

26 (costr. navali, naut.) stellato di poppa

27 (geogr., USA) corso d'acqua; torrente

28 ( editoria, = print run) tiratura: a print run of 10,000, una tiratura di 10.000 esemplari

29 (edil.) pedata ( di un gradino)

30 ( raro) rampa ( di scale)

31 (autom., ciclismo, ecc.) andamento ( di una curva)

32 ( bob) pista

33 ( canottaggio) distanza coperta da una vogata; ( anche) manche

34 (equit.) trotto veloce; galoppo

35 ( golf) distanza coperta dalla palla sul terreno

36 ( vela) distanza percorsa in una bordata; tratto di rotta

37 – (pl.) (fam.) the runs, la diarrea; la sciolta (fam.)

● (fam.) run-around, atteggiamento dilatorio (o evasivo): to get the run-around, essere tenuto sulla corda, essere menato per il naso; to give sb. the run-around, menare q. per il naso; tenere sulla corda q. □ run-down ► run-down e rundown □ (comput.) run time, tempo di esecuzione ( di un programma): run time error, errore in fase di esecuzione □ ( sport) against the run of play, inaspettatamente; nonostante il predominio degli avversari: Arsenal scored against the run of play, l'Arsenal ha segnato nonostante la partita fosse in mano agli avversari □ (comput.) at run time, in fase di esecuzione; all'esecuzione □ (fam.) fun run, corsa podistica a scopo di beneficenza □ to go on the run, darsi alla fuga (o alla latitanza, alla macchia) □ (fig.) to have had a (good) run for one's money, avere avuto delle belle soddisfazioni: I've had a good run for my money, but now it's time for the younger generation to take over, ho avuto le mie belle soddisfazioni, ma è ora di lasciare il posto ai giovani □ in the long run, a lungo andare; (econ.) a lungo termine; nel lungo periodo □ in the short run, a breve scadenza; (econ.) a breve termine; nel breve periodo □ to make a run for it, tentare la fuga □ on the run, in fuga; in movimento; in corsa: The robbers are still on the run, i rapinatori sono ancora in fuga (o latitanti); They had the enemy on the run, hanno messo il nemico in fuga; I have been on the run all day, sono stato in movimento (o ho corso) tutto il giorno; He made the pass on the run, ha passato la palla in volata □ to take a run at st., fare una corsa verso qc.; She took a run at the fence and jumped straight over, è corsa verso la recinzione e l'ha superata con un salto.

A p. p. di to run

B a.

(nelle seguenti loc.)

● run-of-the mill, comune; dozzinale □ ( di un inserto pubblicitario) run of paper, collocato sulla pagina ( di un giornale) a discrezione della direzione □ run on, (tipogr.) stampato di seguito; ( poesia: di un verso) la cui ultima parola si lega strettamente al verso successivo; che ha l'enjambement.

(pass. ran, p. p. run)

A v. i.

1 correre; fare una corsa: Walk, don't run!, cammina, non correre!; A man came running along the street, un uomo è venuto di corsa per la strada; They ran across the road, hanno attraversato la strada di corsa; Let's run down to the beach, facciamo una corsa alla spiaggia!; It was starting to rain so we ran back inside, stava cominciando a piovere, quindi siamo rientrati di corsa; The boy ran into the house, il ragazzo è corso dentro casa; They ran to my aid, sono corsi in mio aiuto; We ran to see what was happening, siamo corsi a vedere cosa stava succedendo; Sarah ran into the room, Sarah è corsa nella stanza; She ran to meet him, gli è corsa incontro; The children are running about in the park, i bambini scorrazzano nel parco; The guard dog ran at me, il cane da guardia mi è corso contro; to run downstairs [upstairs], scendere [salire] le scale di corsa; to run counter to st., andare contro qc.; to run for the bus, correre per prendere l'autobus; to run for cover (o shelter) correre al riparo; (fam.) Run and get your bag, fila a prendere la borsa; (fam.) Run to the newsstand and get me a paper, will you?, per favore, fa' un salto all'edicola e prendimi un giornale; (fam.) to run all out (o flat out) correre a tutto spiano; to run at full speed, correre a tutta velocità (fam.: a tutta birra)

2 ( sport) correre; partecipare a una corsa: I used to run when I was at school, da studente correvo nella squadra di atletica; He's running in the half marathon, corre nella mezza maratona; I run every day except Sunday, corro tutti i giorni tranne la domenica

3 ( di strada, muro: di solito to run along, through, ecc.) correre; andare ( in un certo senso): The road runs along a ridge, la strada corre lungo un crinale; A path ran through the forest, un sentiero attraversava la foresta; A high wall runs along the edge of the estate, un alto muro costeggia i confini della proprietà

4 ( di macchina, ecc.) funzionare, andare; ( di motore) essere in moto (o acceso): Does the heating run on oil or gas?, il riscaldamento va a gasolio o a gas?; Our new car runs on LPG, la nostra nuova macchina va a GPL; The engine isn't running properly, il motore non funziona bene; Don't leave the engine running, non lasciare il motore acceso; (comput.) The program will run on PC or Mac, il programma funziona sia su PC che su Mac

5 ( di veicoli) (andare a) finire: I left the handbrake off and the car ran down the slope, non ho messo il freno a mano e l'auto è finita giù per la discesa; The truck ran onto the pavement, il camion è andato a finire sul marciapiedi

6 ( di treni, di navi) viaggiare; andare: Trains to the airport run every hour, i treni per l'aeroporto partono (o passano) ogni ora; The ferry runs between the two ports, il traghetto fa la spola tra i due porti; The ship ran into port, la nave è entrata in porto; to run late [on time], viaggiare con un ritardo [in orario]; The train was running ten minutes late, il treno viaggiava con dieci minuti di ritardo; to run on rails, andare su rotaie

7 scorrere: In northern Italy most streams run into the Po River, nell'Italia settentrionale la maggior parte dei corsi d'acqua defluisce nel Po; Tears were running down her cheeks, le scorrevano lacrime sul viso; Wait till the water runs hot, aspetta che scorra l'acqua calda; Don't leave the tap running!, non lasciare aperto il rubinetto!; ( dell'acqua corrente) to run cold, venire fredda ( a forza di scorrere); They were running with sweat, erano in un bagno di sudore

8 (fig.) trascorrere; passare: Those summer days ran swiftly, quei giorni d'estate trascorrevano in fretta

9 (lett.) spirare: A gentle breeze ran through the tall trees, una lieve brezza spirava fra gli alberi alti

10 ( di pensiero, ecc.) ricorrere; ritornare: The tune was running in my head all day, quel motivo mi è frullato in testa tutto il giorno; The idea kept running through my mind, quell'idea mi ricorreva (o mi si presentava) sempre alla mente; Lara's theme had been running through my head all day long, era tutto il giorno che mi frullava nella testa il motivo di Lara

11 ( di mormorio, diceria: di solito to run down, among, ecc.) diffondersi; circolare: A murmur ran among the crowd, un mormorio si è diffuso tra la folla; Rumours ran through the village, correvano (o circolavano) delle voci per il paese

12 ( di sensazione: di solito to run down, through, ecc.) –: A thrill ran through her at the sound of his voice, un brivido di eccitazione l'ha percorsa quando ha sentito la sua voce; A shiver ran down his back, un brivido di freddo gli è corso lungo la schiena

13 decorrere; essere pagabile da ( una certa data): ( banca, ecc.) Interest runs from January 1st, gli interessi decorrono dal 1В° di gennaio

14 ( di prezzo, inflazione, ecc.) aver raggiunto; essere: Inflation is running at 4%, l'inflazione ha raggiunto il 4%; The price of oil is running between $80 and $90 a barrel, il prezzo del petrolio è attualmente compreso tra gli 80 e i 90 dollari al barile; The debt was running at an enormous figure, il debito ammontava a una cifra enorme

15 durare; (leg.) essere valido (o in vigore): The lease had ten years to run, il contratto di affitto aveva una durata di dieci anni; It's a long film: it runs for three hours, è un film lungo: dura tre ore; DIALOGO → - Considering an evening course- The lessons run till Christmas, le lezioni si tengono fino a Natale; The contract runs until 2015, il contratto è valido fino al 2015

16 (polit., ecc.) concorrere; candidarsi: He is going to run for Parliament, intende candidarsi per la Camera dei Comuni; Do you think she'll run?, pensi che si candiderà?; He ran against his old allies, si è candidato contro i suoi ex alleati

17 ( sport) arrivare ( primo, secondo, ecc.): He ran second, è arrivato secondo ( nella corsa); My horse ran last, il mio cavallo è arrivato ultimo

18 fondersi; sciogliersi: It was so hot that butter started to run, era così caldo che il burro cominciava a sciogliersi

19 ( di colore, vernice) stingere; colare: The colours ran in the wash and everything came out pink, i colori hanno stinto nel lavaggio e tutto è diventato rosa; My mascara is running, il mio mascara sta colando; The ink ran all over the page, l'inchiostro si è sparso su tutta la pagina

20 ( delle calze) sfilarsi; smagliarsi

21 gocciolare; colare: The boy's nose was running, il bambino aveva il naso che colava

22 (teatr., cinem.) essere in programmazione; tenere il cartellone: Agatha Christie's «Mousetrap» has been running for many years in London, la «Trappola per topi» di Agatha Christie tiene il cartellone da molti anni a Londra

23 ( radio, TV) essere trasmesso; andare in onda: The series runs for six weeks from next Sunday, la serie va in onda per sei settimane a partire da domenica

24 (fig.) andare; svolgersi: After a period of strikes, everything is running smoothly at the factory, dopo un periodo di scioperi, tutto sta andando bene in fabbrica

25 ( di una malattia, di una caratteristica, ecc.) essere ereditaria ( in una famiglia, ecc.): Madness runs in his family, c'è un ramo di pazzia nella sua famiglia

26 ( di scritta, testo) dire; fare: The song runs like this, la canzone fa così; The message ran: «meet me outside in half an hour», il messaggio diceva: «vediamoci fuori tra mezzora»

27 (zool.) ( di selvatici) migrare ( in cerca d'acqua, di pascoli, ecc.)

28 ( di salmoni, ecc.) risalire un fiume

B v. t.

1 dirigere; gestire ( anche comm.): to run a business, dirigere un'azienda; to run the country, governare il paese; to run a shop, gestire un negozio; His mother-in-law runs the household, è sua suocera che dirige la casa; Who is running the contest?, chi organizza la gara?; to run a drugs racket, controllare un racket di droga

2 ( sport) fare ( una corsa): to run the mile in five minutes, correre il miglio in cinque minuti; to run a race, fare una corsa ( a piedi)

3 mettere in funzione ( una macchina, ecc.): Did you run the dishwasher?, hai messo in funzione (fam.: attaccato) la lavastoviglie?

4 ( di solito to run through, along, down, ecc.) passare ( una mano, un dito, ecc.): She ran her fingers through her hair, si è passata le dita nei capelli; She ran a finger along the shelf, ha passato un dito sullo scaffale; to run one's fingers over the keyboard, far scorrere le dita sulla tastiera ( di un pianoforte); to run one's forefinger down a column of figures, controllare una colonna di cifre scorrendole con l'indice

5 far scorrere: to run water into the bath tub, far scorrere l'acqua nella vasca da bagno; to run the water until it's hot, far scorrere l'acqua finché non viene calda; Run the tap for a few minutes, fai scorrere l'acqua dal rubinetto per qualche minuto; to run (sb. ) a bath, fare scorrere l'acqua per il bagno (a q.)

6 (trasp.) fare andare, effettuare corse di ( autobus, treni, ecc.): to run a special train, mettere un treno straordinario; to run extra trains, far viaggiare treni straordinari; effettuare corse straordinarie ( di metropolitana)

7 accompagnare in macchina; dare un passaggio a: to run sb. home [into town], accompagnare q. a casa [in centro] in macchina; I'll run you to the station, ti do un passaggio fino alla stazione

8 pubblicare: to run a story [an advertisement], pubblicare una storia [un annuncio pubblicitario]; All the main newspapers ran the story, tutti i principali quotidiani hanno riportato la vicenda

9 candidare; presentare come candidato: The party is running over 100 candidates at the next elections, il partito presenta più di 100 candidati alle prossime elezioni

10 (comput.) eseguire; lanciare: to run a program, eseguire un programma

11 ( di solito to run through, under, behind, ecc.) far passare; infilare: They ran the cables through the wall, hanno fatto passare i cavi attraverso il muro; to run a thorn into one's finger, conficcarsi una spina nel dito; to run one's sword into sb., trafiggere q. con la spada

12 far correre; ( sport) iscrivere a una corsa: to run a horse, far correre un cavallo; to run a horse in the Derby, iscrivere un cavallo al Derby

13 inseguire ( selvaggina, spec. a cavallo)

14 colare; versare: to run water into a glass, versare acqua in un bicchiere

15 contrabbandare: to run arms [liquor], contrabbandare armi [liquori]

● (fig.) to come running, essere a disposizione; correre: She comes running every time he calls, corre ogni volta che la chiama □ (naut.) to run before the storm, fuggire la tempesta □ (naut.) to run before the wind, navigare col vento in poppa □ (mil.) to run a blockade, forzare un blocco □ to run a boat down to the water, calare in acqua una barca □ to run a car, mantenere un'automobile: I can't afford to run a car, non posso permettermi (di mantenere) una macchina □ to run cattle, mandare bestiame al pascolo □ to run sb. close, ( sport) incalzare q. alle spalle, tallonare q.; ( sport) piazzarsi alle spalle di q.; (fig.) non essere da meno di q. □ ( anche fig.) to run dry, esaurirsi; prosciugarsi □ to run errands (o messages), fare commissioni; fare ambasciate; fare il fattorino □ to run one's eyes over st., dare un'occhiata (o una scorsa) a qc. □ to run for it, scappare correndo a più non posso □ (fam.) to run it fine, farcela a stento; cavarsela per un pelo (o per un soffio) □ (naut.) to run foul (o afoul) ( with), entrare in collisione (con) □ to be running high –: Tensions were running high, c'era parecchia tensione □ to be running late [early, on time, behind], essere in ritardo [in anticipo, in orario, indietro]: I'm running late, so I'll see you at the restaurant, sono in ritardo, quindi ci vediamo al ristorante; The project was starting to run seriously behind, il progetto cominciava a prendere parecchio ritardo □ to run for one's life, correre per salvarsi la vita □ to run sb. 's life, dirigere la vita di q.: Don't try and run my life!, non cercare di dirigere la mia vita! □ (fin.: di un'azienda) to run at a loss, essere in passivo □ to be running low, diventare scarso: Our food supplies are running low, le nostre provviste di viveri sono diventate scarse □ to be running low on, rimanere con poco: My computer is running low on disk space, al mio computer rimane poco spazio sull'hard disk □ (fig.) to run a mile, scappare a gambe levate: She'd run a mile if he asked her to marry him, se le chiedesse di sposarla, scapperebbe a gambe levate □ ( sport: della palla, di un giocatore) to run out of bounds, uscire dal campo di gioco □ to run out of control, sfuggire di mano; ( di una persona, una situazione, ecc.) diventare ingovernabile □ ( sport: della palla) to run out of play, andare fuori campo □ to run sb. out of town, cacciare q. dalla città □ (fam.) to run sb. ragged, fare a pezzi q., stracciare q. (gli avversari, i nemici) □ to run the rapids, scendere le rapide ( in barca) □ (fam.) to run a red light, passare col rosso ( a un semaforo) □ to run rife, abbondare; ( di una malattia) essere diffusa; ( di una notizia) circolare; ( di una diceria) correre □ to run rings around sb., superare di gran lunga q. □ to run a risk, correre un rischio: He runs the risk of losing his home, corre il rischio di perdere la casa □ to run riot = to run wild ► sotto □ (naut.: del capitano) to run a ship to Boston, portare una nave a Boston □ to run short, finire, venire a mancare: Petrol is running short, sta finendo la benzina □ to run short of, rimanere a corto di: I ran short of money, sono rimasto a corto di soldi □ (fam.) to run the show, comandare; tenere le fila; ( sport) arbitrare in modo plateale □ ( sci) to run slalom gates, fare (o superare) le porte dello slalom □ to run a tab at the bar, pagare tutte le consumazioni alla fine □ (fam.) to run a temperature, avere la febbre □ to run tests [a check], fare degli esami [un controllo]: The doctors are running some tests on him, i medici gli stanno facendo degli esami □ to be up and running, funzionare bene: The new computer system is up and running, il nuovo sistema informatico funziona bene □ to run wild, ( di piante) inselvatichire, inselvatichirsi; (fig.: di persone, dell'immaginazione) scatenarsi □ ( sport) to run with the ball, ( baseball, rugby, ecc.) correre con la palla in mano; ( calcio) correre con la palla al piede □ to try to run before one can walk, mettere il carro davanti ai buoi □ His blood ran cold, gli si è gelato il sangue nelle vene □ This story will run and run, questa storia andrà avanti all'infinito □ Things must run their course, le cose devono seguire il loro corso □ (antiq.) His life has only a few hours to run, gli restano poche ore di vita.

run [rʌn]

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

2. intransitive verb

3. transitive verb

4. compounds

5. Phrasal Verbs

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

► vb: pret ran, ptp run

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

1. noun

   a. ( = act of running) course f

• to go for a run aller courir

• at a run en courant

• to make a run for it se sauver

   b. ( = outing) tour m

• they went for a run in the country ils ont fait un tour à la campagne

   c. ( = distance travelled) trajet m ; ( = route) ligne f

• it's a 30-minute bus run il y a une demi-heure de bus

• it's a short car run le trajet n'est pas long en voiture

• the ferries on the Dover-Calais run les ferrys sur la ligne Douvres-Calais

   d. ( = series) série f

• a run of bad luck une période de malchance

• she's having a run of luck la chance lui sourit

   e. ( = period of performance) her new series begins a run on BBC1 sa nouvelle série d'émissions va bientôt passer sur BBC1

• the play had a long run la pièce a tenu longtemps l'affiche

   f. ( = use) they gave us the run of the garden ils nous ont donné la jouissance du jardin

   g. ( = trend) [of market] tendance f ; [of events] tournure f

• the decisive goal arrived, against the run of play le but décisif a été marqué contre le cours du jeu

   h. ( = type) he didn't fit the usual run of petty criminals il n'avait pas le profil du petit malfaiteur ordinaire

• the usual run of problems les problèmes mpl habituels

   i. ( = track for skiing) piste f

• ski run piste f de ski

   j. ( = animal enclosure) enclos m

   k. (in tights) échelle f

   l. (Cricket) course f

• to make a run marquer une course

   m. (Military = raid, mission) raid m (aérien)

• a bombing run un bombardement

   n. (set structures)

► in the long run à long terme

• it will be more economical in the long run ce sera plus économique à long terme

• things will sort themselves out in the long run les choses s'arrangeront avec le temps► on the run

• a criminal on the run (from the police) un criminel recherché par la police

• he is still on the run il court toujours

• he was on the run for several months il n'a été repris qu'au bout de plusieurs mois

• to keep the enemy on the run harceler l'ennemi

2. intransitive verb

   a. courir

• don't run across the road ne traverse pas la rue en courant

• he's trying to run before he can walk (British) il essaie de brûler les étapes

• to run down/off descendre/partir en courant

• to run down a slope descendre une pente en courant

• to run for the bus courir pour attraper le bus

• it runs in the family [characteristic] c'est de famille

• she came running out elle est sortie en courant

• she ran over to her neighbour's elle s'est précipitée chez son voisin

• three men ran past him trois hommes l'ont dépassé en courant

• all sorts of thoughts were running through my head toutes sortes d'idées me venaient à l'esprit

• she ran to meet him elle a couru à sa rencontre

• she ran to help him elle a volé à son secours

► to run high

• feelings were running high les passions étaient exacerbées

• tension was running high l'atmosphère était très tendue

   b. ( = flee) prendre la fuite

• run for it! sauvez-vous !

   c. ( = flow, leak) [river, tears, tap] couler ; [colour] déteindre ; [dye, ink] baver

• to run into the sea [river] se jeter dans la mer

• to leave a tap running laisser un robinet ouvert

• his eyes are running il a les yeux qui coulent

► to run with ( = be saturated)

the floor was running with water le plancher était inondé

• his face was running with sweat son visage ruisselait de sueur

   d. ( = be candidate) être candidat

• he isn't running this time il n'est pas candidat cette fois-ci

• he won't run again il ne se représentera plus

• to run for President être candidat à la présidence

   e. ( = be) I'm running a bit late je suis un peu en retard

• inflation is running at 3% le taux d'inflation est de 3 %

   f. ( = extend, continue) [play] être à l'affiche ; [film] passer ; [contract] être valide

• the play has been running for a year la pièce est à l'affiche depuis un an

• this contract has ten months to run ce contrat expire dans dix mois

   g. [bus, train, coach, ferry] assurer le service

• the buses run once an hour les bus passent toutes les heures

• the buses are running early/late/on time les bus sont en avance/en retard/à l'heure

• there are no trains running today il n'y a pas de trains aujourd'hui

   h. ( = function) [machine] marcher ; [factory] être en activité

• the car is running smoothly la voiture marche bien

• you mustn't leave the engine running il ne faut pas laisser tourner le moteur

• this car runs on diesel cette voiture marche au gazole

   i. ( = pass) [road, river] passer ( through à travers ) ; [mountain range] s'étendre

• the road runs past our house la route passe devant notre maison

• the road runs right into town la route va jusqu'au centre-ville

• a wall runs round the garden un mur entoure le jardin

3. transitive verb

   a. (gen) courir

• he ran 2km non-stop il a couru (pendant) 2 km sans s'arrêter

• he ran the distance in under half an hour il a couvert la distance en moins d'une demi-heure

• to run the 100 metres courir le 100 mètres

• you ran a good race vous avez fait une excellente course

• the first race will be run at 2 o'clock la première épreuve se courra à 2 heures

• but if it really happened he'd run a mile (inf) mais si ça se produisait, il aurait vite fait de se débiner (inf)

   b. ( = transport) [+ person] conduire

• he ran her home il l'a ramenée chez elle

   c. ( = operate) [+ machine] faire marcher ; [+ computer program] exécuter

• to run a radio off the mains faire marcher une radio sur secteur

• I can't afford to run a car je n'ai pas les moyens d'avoir une voiture

• this car is very cheap to run cette voiture est très économique

   d. ( = organize) [+ business] diriger ; [+ shop] tenir

• the company runs extra buses at rush hours la société met en service des bus supplémentaires aux heures de pointe

• the school is running courses for foreign students le collège organise des cours pour les étudiants étrangers

• I want to run my own life je veux mener ma vie comme je l'entends

   e. ( = put, move) to run one's finger down a list suivre une liste du doigt

• he ran the car into a tree sa voiture est rentrée dans un arbre

• to run wires under the floorboards faire passer des fils électriques sous le plancher

• to run one's eye over a page jeter un coup d'œil sur une page

• he ran the vacuum cleaner over the carpet il a passé l'aspirateur sur le tapis

• to run one's hand over sth passer la main sur qch

• to run one's fingers through one's hair se passer la main dans les cheveux

   f. ( = publish) publier

   g. ( = cause to flow) faire couler

• I'll run you a bath je vais te faire couler un bain

4. compounds

► run-around (inf) noun

• he gave me the run-around il s'est défilé (inf) ► run-down adjective [person] à plat (inf) ; [building, area] délabré

• I feel a little run-down je suis à plat (inf) ► run-in (inf) noun

( = quarrel) prise f de bec ( over à propos de)

► run-off noun [of contest] ( = second round) deuxième tour m ; ( = last round) dernier tour m ; [of pollutants] infiltrations fpl

► run-of-the-mill adjective banal

► run-through noun (before test) essai m

► run time noun (Computing) durée f d'exploitation

► run-up noun ( = preparation) période f préparatoire (to à)

• the run-up to the elections la période préélectorale

5. Phrasal Verbs

► run across inseparable transitive verb

( = find) [+ object, quotation, reference] tomber sur

► run after inseparable transitive verb courir après

► run along intransitive verb courir

• run along! sauvez-vous !► run away intransitive verb partir en courant ; ( = flee) [person] se sauver

• to run away from home faire une fugue

• he ran away with the funds ( = stole) il est parti avec la caisse► run away with inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = win easily) [+ race, match] gagner haut la main

   b. you're letting your imagination run away with you tu te laisses emporter par ton imagination► run down separable transitive verb

   a. ( = knock over) renverser ; ( = run over) écraser

   b. ( = disparage) (inf) dire du mal de► run into inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = meet) rencontrer par hasard

• to run into difficulties or trouble se heurter à des difficultés

• to run into danger se trouver dans une situation dangereuse

   b. ( = collide with) rentrer dans

   c. ( = amount to) s'élever à

• the cost will run into thousands of euros le coût va atteindre des milliers d'euros► run out intransitive verb

   a. [person] sortir en courant

   b. ( = come to an end) [lease, contract] expirer ; [supplies] être épuisé ; [period of time] être écoulé

• my patience is running out ma patience est à bout

• when the money runs out quand il n'y aura plus d'argent

• their luck ran out la chance les a lâchés► run out of inseparable transitive verb

[+ supplies, money] être à court de ; [+ patience] être à bout de

• we're running out of time il ne nous reste plus beaucoup de temps

• to run out of petrol or gas (British, US) tomber en panne d'essence► run out on (inf) inseparable transitive verb

[+ person] laisser tomber (inf)

► run over

1. intransitive verb

• the play ran over by ten minutes la pièce a débordé de dix minutes sur le programme

2. inseparable transitive verb

( = recapitulate) reprendre

• let's just run over it again reprenons cela encore une fois

3. separable transitive verb

(in car) [+ person, animal] écraser► run past (inf) separable transitive verb

• could you run that past me again? est-ce que tu pourrais m'expliquer ça encore une fois ?► run through inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = read quickly) parcourir

   b. ( = rehearse) [+ play] répéter

• if I may just run through the principal points once more si je peux juste récapituler les points principaux► run to inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = seek help from) faire appel à ; ( = take refuge with) se réfugier dans les bras de

• I wouldn't go running to the police je ne me précipiterais pas au commissariat de police

   b. ( = afford) I can't run to a new car je ne peux pas me payer une nouvelle voiture

   c. ( = amount to) the article runs to several hundred pages l'article fait plusieurs centaines de pages► run up

1. intransitive verb

( = climb quickly) monter en courant ; ( = approach quickly) s'approcher en courant

2. separable transitive verb

   a. to run up a hill monter une colline en courant

   b. [+ bills] accumuler

• to run up a debt s'endetter► run up against inseparable transitive verb

[+ problem, difficulty] se heurter à

* * *

1) ( act of running) course f

2) ( flight)

3) ( series) série f

4) Theatre série f de représentations

5) ( trend) (of events, market) tendance f

6) ( series of thing produced) ( in printing) tirage m; ( in industry) série f

7) Finance ( on Stock Exchange) ruée f (on sur)

8) (trip, route) trajet m

9) (in cricket, baseball) point m

10) (for rabbit, chickens) enclos m

11) (in tights, material) échelle f

12) ( for skiing etc) piste f

13) ( in cards) suite f

transitive verb (p prés - nn-; prét ran; pp run)

1) ( cover by running) courir [distance, marathon]

2) ( drive)

3) (pass, move)

4) ( manage) diriger

5) ( operate) faire fonctionner [machine]; faire tourner [motor]; exécuter [program]; entretenir [car]

6) (organize, offer) organiser [competition, course]; mettre [quelque chose] en place [bus service]

7) ( pass) passer [cable]

8) ( cause to flow) faire couler [bath]; ouvrir [tap]

9) ( publish) publier [article]

10) ( pass through) franchir [rapids]; forcer [blockade]; brûler [red light]

11) ( smuggle) faire passer [quelque chose] en fraude

12) ( enter) faire courir [horse]; présenter [candidate]

intransitive verb (p prés - nn-; prét ran; pp run)

1) ( move quickly) [person, animal] courir

2) ( flee) fuir, s'enfuir

3) (colloq) ( rush off) filer (colloq)

4) ( function) [machine] marcher

5) (continue, last) [contract, lease] courir

6) Theatre [play, musical] tenir l'affiche ( for pendant)

7) ( pass)

8) ( move) [sledge, vehicle] glisser; [curtain] coulisser

9) ( operate regularly) circuler

10) ( flow) couler

11) ( flow when wet or melted) [dye, garment] déteindre; [makeup, butter] couler

12) ( as candidate) se présenter

13) ( be worded)

14) ( snag) filer

•

- run about

- run across

- run along

- run at

- run away

- run down

- run in

- run into

- run off

- run on

- run out

- run out on

- run over

- run through

- run to

- run up

- run up against

••

run

A n

1 ( act or period of running) course f ; a two-mile run une course de deux miles ; that was a splendid run by Reeves Reeves a fait une course magnifique ; to go for a run aller courir ; to take the dog for a run in the park aller faire courir le chien au parc ; to break into a run se mettre à courir ; to do sth at a run faire qch en courant ; to take a run at prendre son élan pour franchir [fence, hedge, stream] ; to give sb a clear run fig laisser le champ libre à qn (at doing pour faire) ;

2 ( flight) on the run [prisoner] en fuite, en cavale ○ ; to be on the run from sb/sth fuir qn/qch ; to have sb on the run lit mettre qn en fuite ; fig réussir à effrayer qn ; to make a run for it fuir, s'enfuir ; to make a run for the door se précipiter vers la porte ;

3 ( series) (of successes, failures, reds, blacks) série f (of de) ; to have a run of (good) luck être en veine ; to have a run of bad luck jouer de malchance ; a run of fine weather une période de beau temps ; we've had a long run without any illness nous avons eu une longue période sans maladie ; the product has had a good run but… le produit a bien marché mais… ;

4 Theat série f de représentations ; to have a long run tenir longtemps l'affiche ; to have a six-month run tenir l'affiche pendant six mois ; the play is beginning its Broadway run la pièce commence à se jouer à Broadway ;

5 ( trend) (of events, market) tendance f ; the run of the cards/dice was against me le jeu était contre moi ; against the run of play Sport en sens inverse du cours réel du jeu ; in the normal run of things dans l'ordre normal des choses ; out of the common run hors du commun ;

6 ( series of thing produced) ( in printing) tirage m ; ( in industry) série f ; a paperback run of 10,000 un tirage de 10 000 exemplaires en poche ;

7 Fin ( on Stock Exchange) ( rush) ruée f ; a run on une ruée sur [stock market, bank, item] ; a run on sterling/the dollar une ruée spéculative sur la livre sterling/le dollar ;

8 (trip, route) route f, trajet m ; it's only a short run into town ( in car) avec la voiture on est tout de suite en ville ; to go out for a run in the car aller faire un tour en voiture ; the run up to York la route jusqu'à York ; he does the Leeds run twice a week il fait le trajet jusqu'à Leeds deux fois par semaine ; a ferry on the Portsmouth-Caen run le ferry faisant la traversée Portsmouth-Caen ; a bombing run une mission de bombardement ;

9 (in cricket, baseball) point m ; to score ou make a run marquer un point ;

10 (for rabbit, chickens) enclos m ;

11 (in tights, material) échelle f ;

12 ( for skiing etc) piste f ;

13 ( in cards) suite f ; a run of three une suite de trois cartes ; ⇒ practice run, test run, trial run.

B runs ○ npl the runs la courante ○, la diarrhée.

C vtr ( prét ran ; pp run)

1 ( cover by running) courir [race, heat, stage, distance, marathon] ; I ran the rest of the way j'ai couru le reste du chemin ; she ran a brilliant race/a very fast time elle a fait une course superbe/un très bon temps ; the race will be run at 10.30 la course se court à 10 h 30 ;

2 ( drive) to run sb to the station/to hospital conduire qn à la gare/à l'hôpital ; to run sb home ou back reconduire qn ; to run the car over to the garage conduire la voiture au garage ; to run sth over to sb's house apporter qch chez qn en voiture ; to run the car into a tree jeter la voiture contre un arbre ;

3 (pass, move) to run one's hand over sth passer la main sur qch ; to run one's finger down the list parcourir la liste du doigt ; to run one's eye(s) over sth parcourir rapidement qch ; to run a duster/the vacuum cleaner over sth passer un coup de chiffon/d'aspirateur sur qch ; to run one's pen through sth rayer qch ;

4 ( manage) diriger [business, hotel, store, school, country] ; a well-/badly-run organization une organisation bien/mal dirigée ; who is running things here? qui est-ce qui commande ici? ; I'm running this show ○ ! c'est moi qui commande ○ ! ; stop trying to run my life! arrête de vouloir diriger ma vie! ;

5 ( operate) faire fonctionner [machine] ; faire tourner [motor, engine] ; exécuter [program] ; entretenir [car] ; to run sth off the mains/off batteries faire fonctionner qch sur secteur/avec des piles ; the car is cheap to run la voiture est peu coûteuse à entretenir ; to run a tape/a film mettre une cassette/un film ; to run tests on sth effectuer des tests sur qch ; to run a check on sb [police] vérifier les antécédents de qn ; ( generally) prendre des renseignements sur qn ;

6 (organize, offer) organiser [competition, lessons, course] ; mettre [qch] en place [train, bus, service] ;

7 (extend, pass) (of cable, wire, pipe) to run sth between/from/to/around faire passer qch entre/de/à/autour de ; to run a rope through a ring faire passer une corde dans un anneau ;

8 ( cause to flow) faire couler [water, bath] ; ouvrir [tap] ; I'll run you a bath je vais te faire couler un bain ; to run water into/over sth faire couler de l'eau dans/sur qch ;

9 Journ [newspaper] publier, faire passer ○ [story, article] ;

10 ( pass through) franchir [rapids] ; forcer [blockade] ; brûler [red light] ;

11 ( smuggle) faire passer [qch] en fraude [guns, drugs] ;

12 ( enter in contest) faire courir [horse] ; présenter [candidate].

D vi ( prét ran ; pp run)

1 ( move quickly) [person, animal] courir ; to run to catch the bus/to help sb courir pour attraper le bus/pour aider qn ; to run to meet sb courir à la rencontre de qn ; to run across/down/up sth traverser/descendre/monter qch en courant ; to run around the house/around (in) the garden courir dans toute la maison/dans le jardin ; will you run over to the shop and get some milk? peux-tu courir au magasin chercher du lait? ; to run for the train courir pour attraper le train ; to run for the exit courir vers la sortie ; to run for one's country Sport courir pour son pays ; to run in the 100 metres/in the 3.30 (race) courir le 100 mètres/dans la course de 15 h 30 ; she came running towards me elle a couru vers moi ; the customers will come running fig les clients vont se précipiter ;

2 ( flee) fuir, s'enfuir ; I dropped everything and ran j'ai tout jeté et je me suis enfui ; to run for one's life s'enfuir pour sauver sa peau ○ ; run for your life!, run for it ○ ! sauve qui peut!, déguerpissons ○ ! ; I had to run for it ○ j'ai dû déguerpir ○ ; there's nowhere to run (to) il n'y a nulle part où aller ; to go running to the police courir à la police ; to go running to one's parents se réfugier chez ses parents ;

3 ○ ( rush off) filer ○ ; sorry-must run! ○ désolé-il faut que je file! ○ ;

4 ( function) [machine, generator] marcher ; [engine, press] tourner ; to leave the engine running laisser tourner le moteur ; to run off fonctionner sur [mains, battery] ; to run on marcher à [diesel, unleaded] ; to run fast/slow [clock] prendre de l'avance/du retard ; the organization runs very smoothly l'organisation fonctionne parfaitement ;

5 (continue, last) [contract, lease] courir ; to have another month to run avoir encore un mois à courir ; to run from… to… [school year, season] aller de… à… ;

6 Theat [play, musical] tenir l'affiche ; this show will run and run! ce spectacle tiendra l'affiche pendant des mois! ; to run for six months tenir l'affiche pendant six mois ; the film will run (for) another week le film reste à l'affiche une semaine encore ;

7 ( pass) to run past/through sth [frontier, path, line] passer/traverser qch ; to run (from) east to west aller d'est en ouest, être orienté est-ouest ; the road runs north for about ten kilometres la route va vers le nord sur une dizaine de kilomètres ; to run parallel to sth être parallèle à qch ; the stripes run vertically les rayures sont verticales ; the bird has a green stripe running down its back l'oiseau a une bande verte le long du dos ; a scar runs down her arm une cicatrice court le long de son bras ;

8 ( move) [sledge, vehicle] glisser (on sur ; forward vers l'avant ; back vers l'arrière) ; [curtain] coulisser (on sur) ; to run through sb's hands [rope] filer entre les mains de qn ; a pain ran up my leg une douleur m'est remontée le long de la jambe ; a wave of excitement ran through the crowd un frisson d'excitation a parcouru la foule ; his eyes ran over the page il a parcouru la page des yeux ; the news ran from house to house la nouvelle s'est transmise de maison en maison ;

9 ( operate regularly) [buses, trains] circuler ; they don't run on Sundays ils ne circulent pas le dimanche ; a taxi service/ferry runs between X and Y il existe un service de taxi/un ferry entre X et Y ; the train is running late le train est en retard ; programmes are running late this evening ( on TV) les émissions ont du retard ce soir ; we are running 30 minutes behind schedule ou late nous avons 30 minutes de retard ; we're running ahead of schedule nous sommes en avance ;

10 ( flow) [water, liquid, stream, tap, bath, nose] couler ; the tap is running le robinet coule or est ouvert ; my nose is running j'ai le nez qui coule ; tears ran down his face les larmes coulaient sur son visage ; there was water running down the walls il y avait de l'eau qui coulait le long des murs ; my body was running with sweat mon corps ruisselait de sueur ; the streets will be running with blood fig le sang coulera à flots dans les rues ; the river ran red with blood la rivière est devenue rouge de sang ; the meat juices ran pink/clear le jus qui est sorti de la viande était rose/incolore ;

11 ( flow when wet or melted) [colour, dye, garment] déteindre ; [ink, makeup, butter, cheese] couler ;

12 Pol ( as candidate) se présenter ; to run for être candidat/-e au poste de [mayor, governor] ; to run for president être candidat/-e à la présidence ; to run against se présenter or être candidat/-e contre [person] ;

13 ( be worded) [message, speech] se présenter, être libellé sout ; the telex runs… le télex se présente or est libellé comme suit… ; so the argument runs selon l'argument habituellement avancé ;

14 ( snag) [tights, material] filer.

to have the run of sth avoir qch pour soi ; to give sb the run of sth mettre qch à la disposition de qn ; in the long run à la longue, à longue échéance ; in the short run à brève échéance.

■ run about, run around:

▶ run around

1 (hurrying, playing etc) courir ; I've been running around all over the place looking for you j'ai couru partout pour essayer de te trouver ;

2 ○ ( have affair with) courir ○ ; to run around ○ with voir ○, sortir avec [woman, man].

■ run across ○:

▶ run across [sth/sb] tomber sur ○ [acquaintance, reference].

■ run after:

▶ run after [sb] lit, fig courir après [thief, woman, man].

■ run along se sauver ○, filer ○ ; run along! sauve-toi ○ !

■ run at:

▶ run at [sth]

1 ( charge towards) se précipiter sur [door, person] ;

2 ( be at) [inflation, unemployment] atteindre, être de l'ordre de [percentage, rate, figure] ; with inflation running at 12% avec une inflation de l'ordre de 12%.

■ run away:

▶ run away

1 ( flee) s'enfuir (from sb devant qn ; to do pour faire) ; to run away from home s'enfuir de chez soi ; to run away from one's responsibilities/a situation fuir ses responsabilités/une situation ;

2 ( run off) [water, liquid] couler ;

▶ run away with [sth/sb]

1 ( flee) partir avec [profits, object, person] ;

2 ( carry off easily) rafler ○ [prizes, title] ;

3 GB dial ( use up) [activity] engloutir [money] ;

4 ( get into one's head) to run away with the idea ou notion that s'imaginer que ; I don't want him running away with that idea je ne veux pas qu'il s'imagine ça ; to let one's emotions/one's enthusiasm run away with one se laisser emporter par ses émotions/son enthousiasme.

■ run back:

▶ run back [sth], run [sth] back rembobiner [tape, film].

■ run back over:

▶ run back over [sth] revenir sur [points, plans].

■ run down:

▶ run down [battery] se décharger ; [watch] retarder ; [exports, reserves] diminuer ; [machine, industry, company] s'essouffler ;

▶ run down [sth/sb], run [sth/sb] down

1 ( in vehicle) renverser ; to be ou get run down by sth être renversé par qch ;

2 (reduce, allow to decline) réduire [production, operations, defences, industry, reserves] ; user [battery] ;

3 ( disparage) dénigrer [person, economy] ;

4 Naut éperonner, heurter [boat] ;

5 ( track down) retrouver [person] ; dénicher ○ [thing].

■ run in:

▶ run in [sth], run [sth] in roder [car, machine] ; ‘running in-please pass’ ‘en rodage’ ;

▶ run [sb] in ○ ( arrest) épingler ○ [person].

■ run into:

▶ run into [sth/sb]

1 ( collide with) [car, person] heurter, rentrer dans ○ [car, wall] ;

2 ( encounter) rencontrer [person, difficulty, opposition, bad weather] ; to run into debt s'endetter ;

3 ( amount to) [debt, income, sales] se compter en [hundreds, millions] ; the trial could run into months le procès pourrait durer des mois.

■ run off:

▶ run off

1 [person, animal] partir en courant ; to run off with partir avec [person, savings] ;

2 [liquid, water] couler ;

▶ run off [sth], run [sth] off

1 ( print) sortir [copy] (on sur) ;

2 ( contest) disputer [heats].

■ run on:

▶ run on [meeting, seminar] se prolonger ;

▶ run on [sth] ( be concerned with) [mind] être préoccupé par ; [thoughts] revenir sur ; [conversation] porter sur ;

▶ run on [sth], run [sth] on

1 Print faire suivre [qch] sans alinéa ;

2 Literat faire enjamber [line].

■ run out:

▶ run out

1 ( become exhausted) [supplies, resources, oil] s'épuiser ; time is running out le temps manque ; my money ran out mes ressources s'étaient épuisées ; my patience is running out je suis en train de perdre patience ;

2 ( have no more) [pen, vending machine] être vide ; sorry, I've run out désolé, je n'en ai plus ; quick, before we run out vite, avant que nous n'ayons plus rien ;

3 ( expire) [lease, passport] expirer ;

▶ run out of ne plus avoir de [petrol, time, money, ideas] ; the car ran out of petrol la voiture est tombée en panne d'essence ; to be running out of n'avoir presque plus de [petrol, time, money, ideas].

■ run out on:

▶ run out on [sb] abandonner, laisser tomber ○ [family, lover, ally].

■ run over:

▶ run over

1 [meeting, programme] se prolonger, dépasser l'horaire prévu ; to run over by 10 minutes/by an hour dépasser l'horaire prévu de 10 minutes/d'une heure ;

2 ( overflow) [container] déborder ; my cup runneth over Bible la coupe est pleine ;

▶ run over [sth] ( run through) passer [qch] en revue [arrangements, main points] ;

▶ run over [sth/sb], run [sth/sb] over

1 ( injure) renverser [person, animal] ; ( kill) écraser [person, animal] ; you'll get run over tu vas te faire écraser ;

2 ( drive over) passer sur [log, bump, corpse].

■ run through:

▶ run through [sth]

1 ( pass through) [thought, tune, murmur] courir dans ;

2 ( be present in) [theme, concern, prejudice] se retrouver dans [work, society] ;

3 ( look through) parcourir [list, article, notes] ; ( discuss briefly) passer [qch] en revue [main points, schedule] ;

4 (use, get through) dépenser [money, inheritance] ;

▶ run through [sth], run [sth] through ( rehearse) répéter [scene, speech] ;

▶ run [sb] through littér ( with sword) transpercer [person] (with avec, de) ; to run sth through the computer passer qch dans l'ordinateur ; to run sth through a series of tests faire passer une série de tests à qch.

■ run to:

▶ run to [sth] ( extend as far as) [book, report] faire [number of pages, words] ; her tastes don't run to modern jazz ses goûts ne vont pas jusqu'au jazz moderne ; his salary doesn't run to Caribbean cruises son salaire ne lui permet pas une croisière aux Caraïbes ; I don't think I can run to that je ne crois pas pouvoir me permettre cela.

■ run up:

▶ run up [sth], run [sth] up

1 ( accumulate) accumuler [bill, debt] ;

2 ( make) fabriquer [dress, curtains] ;

3 ( raise) hisser [flag].

■ run up against:

▶ run up against [sth] se heurter à [obstacle, difficulty].

short [ʃɔ:t]

court-métrage ⇒ 1 (a) court ⇒ 2 (a), 2 (c), 2 (d) petit ⇒ 2 (b) brusque ⇒ 2 (f), 2 (g) short ⇒ 9 (a)

1 noun

(a) Cinema court-métrage m

(b) British (drink) alcool m fort

(c) familiar Electricity court-circuit^□ m

(d) (in prosody → syllable) brève f; Linguistics (→ vowel) voyelle f brève

(e) Stock Exchange (sale) vente f à découvert; (person) vendeur(euse) m,f à découvert

2 adjective

(a) (in length) court;

∎ her dress is too short/shorter than yours sa robe est trop courte/plus courte que la tienne;

∎ to have short hair avoir les cheveux courts;

∎ familiar figurative to have sb by the short hairs or British by the short and curlies avoir qn à sa merci^□, pouvoir faire ce qu'on veut de qn^□ ;

∎ to be short in the leg (trousers) être court;

∎ it's short in the arms (jacket) les manches sont trop courtes;

∎ skirts are getting shorter and shorter les jupes raccourcissent de plus en plus ou sont de plus en plus courtes;

∎ the editor made the article shorter by a few hundred words le rédacteur a raccourci l'article de quelques centaines de mots;

∎ a short history of France un précis d'histoire de France;

∎ short and to the point bref et précis;

∎ to be in short trousers être en culottes courtes;

∎ short back and sides (haircut) coupe f dégagée sur la nuque et les oreilles

(b) (in height → person) petit, de petite taille;

∎ he's short and stocky il est petit et râblé

(c) (in distance → gen) court; (→ walk) petit, court;

∎ a straight line is the shortest distance between two points la ligne droite est le plus court chemin entre deux points;

∎ what's the shortest way home? quel est le chemin le plus court pour rentrer?;

∎ it's shorter this way c'est plus court par ici;

∎ we took the shortest route nous avons pris le chemin le plus court;

∎ to go for a short walk faire une petite promenade;

∎ a few short miles away à quelques kilomètres de là à peine;

∎ at short range à courte portée;

∎ how could he have missed at such short range? comment a-t-il pu rater de si près?;

∎ it's only a short distance from here ce n'est pas très loin (d'ici);

∎ she lives a short distance from the church elle n'habite pas très loin de l'église;

∎ they continued for a short distance ils ont poursuivi un peu leur chemin;

∎ Sport to win/to lose by a short head gagner/perdre d'une courte tête

(d) (not lasting long → period, interval) court, bref;

∎ a short stay un court séjour;

∎ you should take a short holiday vous devriez prendre quelques jours de vacances;

∎ we've just got time for a short game nous avons juste le temps de faire une petite partie;

∎ at short intervals à intervalles rapprochés;

∎ after a short time après un court intervalle ou un petit moment;

∎ to have a short memory avoir la mémoire courte;

∎ for a short time I thought of becoming an actress pendant quelque temps, j'ai pensé devenir actrice;

∎ she was in London for a short time elle a passé quelque temps à Londres;

∎ I met him a short time or while later je l'ai rencontré peu (de temps) après;

∎ it's rather short notice to invite them for tonight c'est un peu juste pour les inviter ce soir;

∎ time's getting short il ne reste plus beaucoup de temps;

∎ a few short hours/years ago il y a à peine quelques heures/années;

∎ the days are getting shorter les jours raccourcissent;

∎ to demand shorter hours/a shorter working week exiger une réduction des heures de travail/une réduction du temps de travail hebdomadaire;

∎ to be on short time faire des journées réduites;

∎ she made a short speech elle a fait un court ou petit discours;

∎ he read out a short statement il a lu une courte ou brève déclaration;

∎ I'd just like to say a few short words j'aimerais dire quelques mots très brefs;

∎ the short answer is "no" en deux mots, la réponse est "non";

∎ in short order en vitesse;

∎ he dealt with the naughty children in short order il a eu vite fait de s'occuper de ces enfants désobéissants;

∎ to be short and sweet être bref;

∎ I'll keep it short and sweet je serai bref;

∎ ironic her stay with us was short and sweet heureusement, son séjour chez nous fut de courte durée;

∎ in the short run à court terme

(e) (abbreviated)

∎ HF is short for high frequency HF est l'abréviation de haute fréquence;

∎ Bill is short for William Bill est un diminutif de William

(f) (gruff) brusque, sec (sèche);

∎ she tends to be a bit short with people elle a tendance à être un peu brusque avec les gens;

∎ Mary was very short with me on the telephone Mary a été très sèche avec moi au téléphone;

∎ to have a short temper être irascible, s'emporter facilement

(g) (sudden → sound, action) brusque;

∎ her breath came in short gasps elle avait le souffle court;

∎ he gave a short laugh il eut un rire bref;

∎ short, sharp shock = punition sévère mais de courte durée;

∎ short, sharp shock treatment = régime pénal des années 80-90 où les jeunes délinquants étaient détenus pour une courte période dans des conditions très sévères destinées à décourager la récidive

(h) (lacking, insufficient)

∎ to give sb short weight ne pas donner le bon poids à qn;

∎ money is short on manque d'argent, l'argent manque;

∎ whisky is in short supply on manque ou on est à court de whisky;

∎ it is 2 francs short il manque 2 francs;

∎ I am 20 francs short il me manque 20 francs;

∎ to be short of breath (in general) avoir le souffle court; (at the moment) être hors d'haleine;

∎ to be short of staff manquer de personnel;

∎ to be short of sleep n'avoir pas assez dormi;

∎ I'm a bit short (of money) at the moment je suis un peu à court (d'argent) en ce moment;

∎ he's a bit short on imagination il manque un peu d'imagination;

∎ familiar humorous he's one sandwich short of a picnic il a une case vide

(i) British (drink)

∎ a short drink un petit verre

(j) Linguistics bref

(k) Finance & Stock Exchange (sale, seller) à découvert;

∎ bills at short date billets mpl ou traites fpl à courte échéance

(l) Cookery (pastry) brisé

(m) (in betting → odds) faible

3 adverb

(a) (abruptly)

∎ to stop short s'arrêter net;

∎ the driver stopped short just in front of the child le conducteur s'arrêta net juste devant l'enfant;

∎ to stop short of doing sth se retenir de faire qch;

∎ she stopped short of actually calling him a liar pour un peu, elle le traitait de menteur;

∎ to pull or to bring sb up short couper qn dans son élan

(b) (idioms)

∎ to fall short of (objective, target) ne pas atteindre; (expectations) ne pas répondre à;

∎ his winnings fell far short of what he had expected ses gains ont été bien moindres que ce à quoi il s'attendait;

∎ to go short of sth manquer de qch;

∎ my children never went short (of anything) mes enfants n'ont jamais manqué de rien;

∎ I don't want you to go short je ne veux pas que tu manques de quoi que ce soit;

∎ to run short (of sth) être à court (de qch);

∎ we're running short of fuel/money/sugar nous sommes presque à court de carburant/d'argent/de sucre;

∎ supplies are running short les provisions sont presque épuisées;

∎ time is running short le temps commence à manquer;

∎ British familiar to be taken or caught short être pris d'un besoin pressant^□

(c) Stock Exchange

∎ to buy short acheter à court terme;

∎ to sell short vendre à découvert

4 transitive verb

Electricity court-circuiter

5 intransitive verb

Electricity se mettre en court-circuit

6 for short adverb

∎ they call him Ben for short on l'appelle Ben pour faire plus court;

∎ trinitrotoluene, or TNT for short le trinitrotoluène ou TNT en abrégé

7 in short adverb

(en) bref

8 short of preposition

(a) (except) sauf;

∎ he would do anything short of stealing il ferait tout sauf voler;

∎ nothing short of a miracle can save him now seul un miracle pourrait le sauver maintenant;

∎ short of resigning, what can I do? à part démissionner, que puis-je faire?

(b) (less than)

∎ they were £50 short of their target il leur manquait 50 livres pour atteindre la somme qu'ils s'étaient fixée;

∎ he is not far short of thirty il frise la trentaine;

∎ it is little short of folly c'est de la folie (pure);

∎ it was nothing short of a masterpiece ce n'était rien moins qu'un chef-d'œuvre

9 shorts plural noun

(a) (short trousers) short m; (underpants) caleçon m;

∎ a pair of khaki shorts un short kaki;

∎ American familiar eat my shorts! tu me gonfles!

(b) Stock Exchange valeurs fpl à courte échéance

(c) familiar

∎ to have the shorts (have little money) être fauché, être raide

►► Finance & Stock Exchange short bills billets mpl ou traites fpl à courte échéance;

Australian short black café m express, express m;

short break (holiday) mini-séjour m;

Electricity short circuit court-circuit m;

Stock Exchange short covering couverture f de position;

Mathematics short division division f à un ou deux chiffres;

short game (in golf) petit jeu m;